There is a built-in terminal to compile and run scripts directly in it, and many other settings to save time while coding (like shortcuts and productivity options). Scratch returns: squeak: could not find any display driverĬhromium-browser: Failed to put Xlib into threaded mode.Ģ260:2260:0616/200257.899631:ERROR:browser_main_loop. Geany is a solid editor to use on Raspberry Pi as it’s preinstalled with Raspberry Pi OS and perfect to code in Python or C/C++. Not all applications return the same error - for example BlueJ throws a Java exception: No X11 DISPLAY variable was set, but this program performed an operation which requires it. Just to be sure - I would like the application window to open on the Pi, not the laptop I'm using to ssh into it. Geany is a free and open-source lightweight GUI text editor using Scintilla and GTK, including basic IDE features. Unfortunately I can't run it with the Terminal as super user, even after using chmod +x. I would like to use Geany to run due to convenience.
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Most settings are for the built-in free camera and are self explanatory. These are discussed below Configuration tab Additionally you can define the key-shortcuts for various functionality on the Key bindings tab. The UUU has various settings you can configure, which you'll do on the Configuration tab. Happens try to inject the DLL at moment after you've loaded the level or after the game's menu has fully loaded. This might be caused by assembly mismatches or the timing you injected the dll into the game process. It might be the UUU reports some elements aren't found while the game should be fully supported. See for more info the object dumping section below. This feature is helpful for people who want to use cheat engine with the game at hand. The Dump object info button can be used to dump all active object names and the addresses in memory to a text file on disk. The Game speed can be used with the Slomo timestop when it's active. Here, with Darksiders III as example game, all features are available. You can now switch to the Available features tab to see which features of the UUU are available with the game you're using it with. After injecting the DLLĪfter you've successfully injected the dll, you'll get a series of notification windows in the top left corner of your game window which some info regarding what the UUU is doing. If you click Select and the game process isn't shown, even though you know it's running, it's likely the game runs as administator and you therefore have to run the UuuClient.exe also as administrator: right-click the UuuClient.exe and select 'Run as Administrator' or create a shortcut to theĮxe on your desktop, right-click it, select Properties and on the Shortcut tab, select Advanced., then check the 'Run as Administrator' checkbox and click OK. The UUU dll is now injected and the General tab switches to the following screen: here, the UUU is injected into the Darksiders III game process. You can leave the 'DLL to inject' as-is as it should already refer to the UniversalUE4Unlocker.dll.Īfter you've select the game's process, you click the Inject DLL button. To do so, on the General tab you click the Select. Now you first start the game and when the game has opened its main menu, you start the UuuClient.exe application to inject the UniversalUE4Unlocker.dll into the game's process and control its features. Use this version if v3.0.20 gives problemsĪfter downloading the zip linked below, unpack it in an empty folder. It's usable with all the supported games in the list. To download the UUU please use the link below. See below what you have to do to get started. It comes with its own client exe, UuuClient.exe, and is ready to use. The only site the unlocker binary is distributed on is this site.įor Unreal Engine 4 powered games, there's a universal way to add a free camera, add timestop, a hud toggle and re-create the in-game console (which is usually stripped out in released games): The Universal UE4 Unlocker, in short UUU. It's forbidden to host the Universal Unreal Engine 4 Unlocker binaries elsewhere, be it your own site or e.g. These types of scams were commonly used by Jaredvaldez4. However, the promised features are simply not given once a user purchases the pass. The perpetrator sells a pass that advertises special in-game features for the player. However, once the victim buys the product, the perpetrator refuses to do the job and may block the victim to prevent future contact. The item, however, gives nothing, which wastes the victim's Robux.Ī perpetrator runs ads on the site which claim to have victims' portraits drawn for a fixed fee. The perpetrator sells a fake item that claims to give an expensive item/perk in a game for a discounted price. The perpetrator advertises a service or product for a fixed fee, usually sold through T-shirts. These types of scams often cause the victim to lose substantial amounts of Robux, although the Robux may be recovered by contacting Roblox Support here. The following are common scams that involve Robux, via some form of on-site transaction, although they do not involve any phishing. No signs of the malicous DLL payloads were in the server. In december 2022, icechewer was seen in a Auto Rap Battles server. A resurgence in January 2022 were alledgedy Icechewed made youtube videos showcasing free robux, making them insert javascript code, and then hacking into their accounts and turning them into bots to inject the malicous DLL's. Icechewer was not active around November 2021. Icechewer1708 also was believed to DDoS the Roblox site unsuccessfully. Its surge started in September 2021 and shut down 2 Catalog Heaven servers. The script would insert advertisements, infect scripts, steal accounts, steal robux and spam the chat. This scam involves the perpetrator injecting a malicious DLL file into the Roblox game (usually after being mislead to inject it to get "free robux"). The victim will likely not have a lot of scripting knowledge, which means they are tricked into entering the script, not knowing what it does. The script instead buys a specific T-shirt for the amount of Robux the user has. This scam involves a person inserting a script into the URL address bar to supposedly get a reward (usually Robux). These scams take place when a user is told/convinced to use the inspect element to run JavaScript that will cause harm to accounts. 1.7.6 There is a crazy glitch at my place.1.7.5 Only 1% have ever beaten this game.1.7.3 "Free Robux" scam games (on App Store & Google Play Store).1.5.1 Invisible/Colour Changing shirt scam.Additionally, games where the exchanging of items are frequent such as in Murder Mystery 2 and Adopt Me, as well as official exchange systems between Roblox players such as the limited trading system, are very liable to scams. However, developers can still enable/disable comments on clothing, Library assets, and UGC items. The admins have attempted to stop the most common scams by disabling comments on games, badges, and passes. Scamming is considered to be a very widespread issue on Roblox. The primary motive for scamming is personal gain (such as sales of personal info), but in any case, it is a malicious act. Report any scams to Roblox moderation.Ī scam is a confidence trick that involves a scammer tricking another player into giving away their valuables and/or personal information to them for any purpose that would be harmful to the victim. Some people have claimed to gain free Robux or such, but those are only advertisements, and they violate the Terms of Use. All of these must be purchased with real cash or Robux. Bastille.Warning DO NOT click on or give login details to any 3rd party service claiming to reward "free Robux", "free Avatar Shop (catalog) items", "free Builders Club", or "free Premium membership". We're looking forward to hearing from you! You can use the box at the bottom of this page to leave a comment. If you are happy with the information above, please share it to your friends. Is 3:57 minutes long and has been viewed about 1,464,068 views times. Alternatively, in case all of the Roblox codes above don't work for you, try doing a search on our site to find more codes for it. You can try the first code or the second one, it does not matter. If you see more than one Roblox code for a single song, don't worry, they are simply backups since Roblox can take down songs because of copyright issues. R.I.P Spam was ranked 598 in our total library of 70.000+ Roblox ID. 223 brass, FL sized CCI 400 small rifle primers 3.1gr Hodgson Titegroup (I also have trailboss and Clays available) Hornady 55gr FMJ (2267) COAL: 2. 223 loads using Hodgson Published load data. For this reason people shooting with a silencer prefer subsonic loads, even when shooting a rifle. While eagerly awaiting my Specwar 7.62 to get out of jail, I took the time to create some subsonic. As a side note, if a silencer is attached to the gun it will only suppress the muzzle-blast noise. Subsonic loads do not have this second component of noise. The noise that shooting makes has two components, the noise of the hot gases escaping the muzzle and sometimes flashing as they hit the atmosphere (muzzle blast), and in the case of supersonic loads the crack of the sonic boom as the bullet breaks the sound barrier. 223 is also the rifle cartridge of choice for military and law enforcement tactical professionals as well as civilians in over 35 states to use. Most rifle loadings are all supersonic, so subsonic loads are specially down-loaded to stay below the speed of sound. In 9mm, most loading data are supersonic. All data in this caliber is subsonic but is not normally tagged with the name subsonic. Not all "subsonic" loads are noted as such in the data, because the cartridge is not capable of producing supersonic velocity. Would this be enough to cycle the bolt on an AR-15 The reason I ask is I have an AR pistol in 223/5.56 that I keep at home for HD, and there is always the factor that 223/5.56 can penetrate walls fairly easy. This is why the 55 grain SP flat base bullets work well as subsonic round!īullet Trajectory- Distance is in Yards and drop is in inches.Subsonic loads refer to those whose velocity is less than the speed of sound. Seems in order to bring the load down subsonic, it needs to come down to about 1300 fps, which is less than 1/2 the normal 223 load. Having a high BC bullet at subsonic does not benefit the shooter at all. BC (ballistic coefficient) is for supersonic flight, and does not matter at subsonic speeds. This allows the 55 grain SP flat base to be more stable and have the potential to be more accurate at subsonic speeds than a BTHP design. Check out our 5.56 NATO rounds for your AR-15 ammo. The 55 grain SP flat base is a much shorter bullet than a similar weight 55 V-max or BTHP design. At Ammunition Depot, we provide our customers with unbeatable options for cheap 223 ammo and 5.56 ammo. In a given twist rate (like a 1:10″ or 1:9″ barrel twist) and slow subsonic speeds, a shorter, flat base bullet is more stable than a longer BTHP or VLD match bullet of the same weight. Bullet length is a major factor in how stable it is out of the muzzle. Why use a 55 grain SP (soft point) flat base, instead of a BTHP, VLD, polymer tip or match bullet? When shooting at subsonic speeds, bullet stability becomes a huge factor for the bullet to properly stabilize and for it to shoot well. If you are zero’d at 100 yards with normal full power supersonic 223 or 5.56 ammo, your point of impact (POI) with the subs will be about 6″-12″ low at 100 yards. This ammo will NOT cycle an AR-15!!! It will shoot fine out of an AR-15, but you will need to manually cycle the bolt. The 55 grain SP bullet is marginally stable in a 1:12″ twist barrel at subsonic speeds, and should not be shot in any slower twist rate. But you won't hit NATO 62,000 psi pressures anyway, or anywhere near this level, with this powder and 55s - unless you're running some really heavy and low capacity brass. But you wont hit NATO 62,000 psi pressures anyway, or anywhere near this level, with this powder and 55s - unless youre running some really heavy and low capacity brass. Yep, Wylde is largely a modified 5.56 chamber to improve precision. Yep, Wylde is largely a modified 5.56 chamber to improve precision. Load away, 223 wylde is designed for 5.56 pressures. If you have a 1:12″ twist, you will need to check bullet stability first before shooting through a suppressor. Load away, 223 wylde is designed for 5.56 pressures. This ammo will NOT cycle an AR-15!! This ammo is designed for 1:10″ twist or faster (1:9″, 1:8″. This subsonic ammo is not designed for barrels longer than 24″. This ammo is loaded to SUBSONIC speeds for barrels from 10″ to about 22″ barrels. Once-fired LC brass, Hornady 55 grain SP (soft point) 1030 fps. Our top selling 223/5.56 SUBSONIC round (priced per 100 rounds). You are told there is a treasure on the right side. Your country's leader is in front of you. It's a weekend, but no one will play with you. What do you do with your room's light when you're going to bed at night?ĭo you like to imagine things for your amusement?ĭo you sometimes run out of things to do all of a sudden? It's the summer festival! Do you like carnivals?ĭo you like to noisily enjoy yourself with others?ĭo you hate to be the last person to leave class at the end of a school day? To be honest, you don't have a clue what this fellow is saying. Docile, Timid, Relaxed: Call the police.Īre there many things that you like to do?ĭo you dream of lounging around idly without much excitement?Ī foreign person has started up a conversation with you.If you want to be Machop, you'll have to pick male.Īnyway - here's all the questions and their answers, with the resultingĪ delinquent is hassling someone on a busy city street! What will you do? That pans out for all of the Pokemon above - and a few of the Pokemon can only be reached as one gender. A female who answers 'Jolly' will get Totodile instead. So, for instance, if you choose to be male and you primarily answer the questions in a 'Jolly' manner, you will receive Squirtle as your starter, player Pokemon. If you're a boy or a girl also plays into this. As listed on the table above, those categories are then assigned to Pokemon. The personality quiz has 57 possible questions, and the answers to those questions will push you to one of 14 different categories. We're not bitter at all - in part because you can totally cheat the test if you want. What's it like to get burned by a remake of a Game Boy Advance game? Do the test naturally to probably find out!Īnyway. That, let me tell you, can be a humbling experience. If you just answer this question naturally, the game will match you up with a Pokemon that it feels is a good match for your personality type. Okay, so, this is all simpler than it sounds: at the very start of Pokemon Mystery Dungeon, you're given a personality quiz. Pokemon Mystery Dungeon Rescue Team DX Personality Quiz Answers: how to game the quiz for a Pokemon of your choice The different elements of this table will be explained in detail below the table, where we detail how you can game the personality quiz. the game sort of chooses one for you.įirst thing's first - here's a complete list of the Pokemon you can actually play as in Pokemon Mystery Dungeon Rescue Team DX on Nintendo Switch. But it's not as simple as just picking one. Latest entry Pokemon Mystery Dungeon Rescue Team DX (try saying that a bunch of times fast) is a sort of enhanced remake of the very first games in the series, and that means you're able to choose between one of sixteen different Pokemon, all from earlier generations, as your potential playable character. That's how the critters talk in an understandable language in these games: as a Pokemon, you can understand them. There's a lot of Pokemon games out there, but the Pokemon Mystery Dungeon subseries differs in one major way: instead of being about the player catching and battling with Pokemon, the player is actually cast as a Pokemon. You can just tap a button, and then watch your Pokemon grab items and find the next set of stairs, intervening only when a hostile Pokemon approaches.If you're going to get turned into a Pokemon, you might as well make it a good one. Battles are still turn-based (which can be a nightmare when fighting multiple foes), but a lot of levels turn into "idle game" style experiences thanks to the auto-play function. Some of the grindiness of the game is offset by boosted auto-play function, which a player can turn on to quickly advance through levels. But the gameplay itself doesn't stray too far from the original Mystery Dungeon formula, which means players will be stuck repeating the same few quests over and over and over again as they level up their Pokemon and slowly progress through the game's main storyline. The soundtrack is equally stunning, and instantly takes its place as one of the best Pokemon soundtracks of all time. The graphics use a kind of filter effect to make it look like you're watching a storybook come to life, especially in cut scenes and in the Pokemon Village. While not quite as gorgeous as Nintendo's remake of The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening, there's no denying that Pokemon Mystery Dungeon: Rescue Team GX is an aesthetically pleasing experience. Remember: Give others time and space to grieve and only ask questions when ready and willing to answer. When collecting information about the deceased, it is essential to be very sensitive and considerate as this is usually a hard time for all or most members of the family and the deceased’s friends. The more information one has about the deceased, the easier it becomes to craft a comprehensive funeral program. When creating a funeral/memorial program, the first thing to do is gather as much information as possible about the deceased from their your family and friends who could possibly have more information than you do, as the organizer. Knowing how to make a funeral/memorial program properly can help ensure that the funeral/memorial service runs smoothly by ensuring that everyone in attendance is aware of the program’s lineup.īelow is a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to properly craft a funeral program: Step 1: Gather personal information Despite the various activities that usually occur, people always want to focus on those activities that will not divert the main agenda of the program, i.e., honoring the deceased. Planning a funeral is usually an emotional affair. Sentiments of gratitude from their family, friends, and guests.Favorite things, e.g., food, songs, places to visit, etc.Optional information to be included in a funeral program include: Optional information included in the program is usually meant to educate people attending the deceased’s service, i.e., what they did for a living, their hobbies, what they liked, etc. Optional information includes any piece of information that is not necessarily important but including it would aid in the smooth progress of the funeral program. Titles and artists of songs to be played during the funeral.Titles/references to Quotes and inspirational sayings.The name of the person delivering the eulogy.Time, venue, date of the funeral, and burial.The deceased person’s full name, including their maiden name.The information included in a funeral program can be categorized into two: Complementary informationĬomplementary information includes any information that can help set clear the theme of the funeral and provide critical information that anyone attending the funeral service should know about. Whether it is for a formal funeral service or an informal memorial service, one can make a program as simple or complex as they would like. When creating a memorial or funeral program, there are many kinds of information that one can include. Making a funeral program usually depends on a person’s preference and the type of service that one is having. Information to Included in Funeral Program Merchants lose money in millions, in the event of a crash, as their OSRS gold value skydives. The effects of inflation and deflation are both beneficial and negative for RuneScape 2007 players. An example of this is when the economy was in a state of deflation for at least a year and a half before June 2009, that’s a long time for a video game! And between that time and the year 2011, OSRS gold price was inflating. Throughout the years, OSRS gold prices have had both periods of inflation and deflation. However, real world economies behave differently from RuneScape 2007’s in some aspects, particularly because of the time many have to play the game, it makes the availability of financial organizations like banks, shops, stocks, or insurance companies difficult. And like the modern RuneScape that we know and love, the economy of the game plays a vital role to the success of the Old School RuneScape and the modern one alike.Īn in-game economy mirroring reality, buyers, sellers, and traders face issues of inflation, high prices, and the ever-changing currency value. You will love it.For RuneScape veteran players, Old School RuneScape hits the spot to quench their thirst for nostalgia. Refer our detailed analysis for buying or selling runescape or old school runescape gold. We have evaluated 15+ leading OSRS Gold Sellers. Take theįirst step and check out all kinds of tools!Įnjoy the world of OSRS economics, and may your flipping business be profitable! What’s next? Get started with your journey to uncountable riches. Very own vault filled with gold, you can almost swim in it. JustĬontinue learning all you can about the process. You have to invest much time and effort into it, but keep at it.ĭon’t worry if you feel inexperienced, everybody starts out that way. Rinse and repeat until you findĪn instant profit. If your calculations turn out low, it’s best The ones with a high marginĪre your best bets for flipping. It’s also the profit you’ll potentially get. That’s basically the difference between the ‘sell price’ and the ‘buy Up the filters for the item you want to flip, and calculate its profit margin. Pick the type of item that you prefer to sell. From there, you can choose from ‘Suggested Items’, ‘Highest Margins’, or ‘High Volume Items’. For your flipping needs, you’ll need to go to the ‘Flip Finder’ option on the left side. Once you’ve signed up and linked your RS account to it, you’ll have a variety of options to choose from. Tip: We produced these articles for OSRS Money Making or gold mining then these articles will help you in your RuneScape Journey. It’ll take some time, so be patient in learning the ins and outs of the GE OSRS. You see, it takes research, dedication, and practice to become good at flipping. You may also set an alert for when prices reach a certain It also keeps track of your profits, which is a handy way to check Otherwise, it will help you decide if an item is worthįlipping. So you have to be on top of everything to keep up your profits-and using the GE Sometimes, it might even devalue the item. Realize the effect of updates, buffs and nerfs to the demand of items. Get an idea of what the best items to flip are. When you’re able to predict theįluctuations of the market, you’ll figure out the best time to buy and sell There are even charts to keep track of how an item’s price fluctuates! It tells you all you need to know for your flipping needs, which we’ll explain in the next section. It notes how many of an item is sold and bought, their coinciding prices, and other important information. The GE Tracker tracks the comings and goings of items on the Grand Exchange. Here’s a video that explains flipping for beginners. However, it involves more than just buying and selling willy-nilly! That will likely result in wasted time and gold. On the surface, that may seem like an easy thing to do. In the simplest terms, flipping is the act of buying items for the sole purpose of selling them later for a profit. To do that, you’ll need the help of an OSRS GE Tracker. The best ways to get gold is to flip items on the Grand Exchange. At any rate, gold is something everybody needs! One of You just want to gain OSRS gold for better equipment or want to complete aĬollection of something. Got something that looks cool, but you can’t or simply won’t use it? Or maybe Flip all you want with the OSRS GE Tracker! The graphs, charts and real time prices gives you an ability to view your most profitable items and can Flip items as you want. It has quite indepth indexes such as market index, food index, rune index to name a few. GE Tracker a.k.a Grand Exchange Tracker is the most advanced Filliping and money making tool in OSRS. This way, you will ensure that your precious documents, photos or videos are kept safe from the hands of malicious hackers. Due to its privacy feature, you can choose to encrypt your files before being uploaded into the cloud.You can use CloudMounter as a way to increase space on your device, by synchronizing your files with the cloud.Some of the most popular choices are: Google Drive, Dropbox, WebDAV, FTP, Mega, Backblaze B2 and Amazon S3. This powerful application comes with a slick and easy to user interface and can support all of your favorite cloud storage services. Mac users can even use Finder to find their files directly from the search bar instead of navigating directly to the partition. The main feature that the app promotes is that you can mount cloud storage as local drive, therefore allowing the possibility of accessing your files directly from your computer. CloudMounterĬloudMounter is the cloud storage manager, available on Mac and Windows that aims to help users access their files directly from their computer. Applications have fundamentally different interfaces, while both support similar operations. Today we’re going to review and compare two of the most popular Mac and Windows applications: CloudMounter vs Rclone. But what do you do when you have more than one cloud storage service and are looking to manage both? You use an app that can manage all of your favorite platforms in one place. Sometimes, manufacturers require that products be advertised only at their suggested prices. Vetri-Science Flea and Tick Defense for Dogs 3ct. Frontline as well as Frontline Top Place are signed up trademarks of Merial. Vetri-Science Flea and Tick Defense for Dogs 3ct is no longer available. * Flea + Tick Defense is not made or dispersed by Merial. When made use of monthly FLEA + TICK PROTECTION for Canines entirely regulates flea, tick as well as eating louse invasions as well as can be utilized on breeding, pregnant, and lactating queens. Only one applicator each treatment is needed.įLEA + TICK PROTECTION for Pets continues to be efficient even after showering, water immersion, or exposure to sunshine. Enable location to dry before touching treated location. Squeeze applicator, using whole contents in a solitary place to the pet’s skin. Place the applicator top through pet’s hair to the skin degree in between the shoulder blades. Kills adult fleas prior to they lay eggs Controls and also avoids flea re-infestation Eliminates flea that could cause anemia Controls fleas which may create flea allergic reaction dermatitis Kills ticks that could send Lyme condition, ehrlichiosis and also babesiosis Swiftly eliminates problems of chewing lice Ingenious Applicator Attack Back FLEA + TICK DEFENSE for Pet Dogs is: Quick performing Long Lasting Water resistant Usage just on canines and also young puppies 8 weeks as well as older Application is simple. Fipronil collects in the oils of the skin and hair follicles, as well as remains to be launched from the hair follicles into the skin as well as layer causing durable activity. Made use of for twenty years by vet experts, fipronil kills as well as protects against infestations of adult fleas as well as ticks securely and also effectively. Each application of Vetri-Science’s FLEA + TICK PROTECTION for Pets has actually been shown to eliminate adult fleas prior to they lay eggs, control flea re-infestation for as much as one month, kills ticks that could transfer Lyme condition, quickly get rid of infestations with chewing lice, aid in the control of sarcoptic mange invasions, as well as remains efficient after showering and also swimming.įipronil is the proven as well as relied on energetic ingredient in Frontline ® Top Place *. This product is safe, easy to use, and reliable. Flea & Tick Defense Kills: Fleas Ticks Louse Protect your pet dogs. FLEA + TICK PROTECTION for Pet dogs includes fipronil the energetic ingredient used in Frontline Top Vetri-Science Laboratories’ FLEA + TICK PROTECTION for Pets offers practical as well as reliable flea, tick and also chewing louse control for pets and also puppies. Contains the energetic component fipronil that efficiently targets fleas, ticks, eating louse and mosquitos Fipronil accumulates in the oils of the skin as well as hair roots and also continues to be launched into the skin as well as layer, leading to fast-acting, lasting activity Box includes 3 dosages. Flea attacks can create discomfort for your pet dog, cause skin infections and also allergic skin responses triggering irritation and could also transfer various other disease-causing microorganisms. Killing fleas quickly is necessary, as it stops them from laying eggs and helps reduce the danger of second troubles, such as flea allergic reaction dermatitis and also tapeworms. Rid your residence of pesky fleas with Vetri-Science, a fast-working, flea control for your family pet. Vetri-Science Laboratories’ FLEA + TICK PROTECTION for Pets offers practical as well as reliable flea, tick and also chewing louse control for pets and also puppies. However, a test in an inconspicuous area of fabric and other surfaces is recommended prior to full application.All Natural Dog Flea And Tick Control – Product Description This product is formulated to be non-staining. This product is also useful on grooming tools and pet bedding.Leave the cap on the bottle when you are finished using the product.When needed, this product is safe for everyday use.Apply again whenever the animal becomes completely wet.Apply every 2 to 3 days, or as required, before the animal spends time outdoors.Apply the product with a cloth on and around the face.Do not allow contact with the mucous membranes - cover the eyes, mouth, and nose of the animal when using this product near the head.Based on the coat thickness, extra rubbing may be needed to allow the product to completely saturate the coat.
Hiren Jethva, a senior research scientist with University of Maryland, Baltimore County and Morgan State University, uses satellite observations to monitor the fires each year. The crop-burning season is just beginning and typically continues for two to three weeks. An inversion can function like a lid, with the warm air trapping pollutants near the surface and helping hem pollutants in between the Himalayan Mountains to the north and the Vindhya Mountains to the south. Temperature inversions are common in November and December as air rolls off the Tibetan Plateau and mixes with smoky air from the Indo-Gangetic plain. Geography and weather also exacerbate the region’s air quality problems. Prior to the start of widespread crop fires, the percentage ranged from 1 to 3 percent. According to one analysis of Delhi’s air pollution, stubble burning contributed 14 percent of PM2.5 in Delhi on November 1. Measurements of particulate matter, including the small particles known as PM2.5, can be used as a proxy for air quality. An array of other human-caused sources of air pollution come from cities, including motor vehicle fumes, industrial and construction activity, fireworks, and fires for heating and cooking. Influxes of dust sometimes arrive from the Thar Desert to the west, as happened on October 31. Smoke from crop fires is not the only contributor to the hazy skies in the region. The high pollution levels prompted a halt in construction in Delhi and calls for people to work from home. The air quality index rose as high as 424 on November 1, 2022, according to India’s Central Pollution Control Board, enough to put it into the “severe” category. However, a surge of smoke in the heart of the densely populated Indo-Gangetic Plain often contributes to a sharp deterioration of air quality across the region, including in the capital city of Delhi. Many farmers, particularly in the states of Punjab and Haryana, use fire as a fast, cheap way to clean up and fertilize fields before planting winter crops. Use the slider tool to see the locations of active fires observed by VIIRS that afternoon. When the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the Suomi NPP satellite captured this natural-color image on November 1, 2022, a plume of smoke curled from northeastern Pakistan to the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. Smoky Skies in Northern India In November, satellites often observe large clouds of smoke and heightened fire activity in northwestern India as farmers burn excess paddy straw after the rice harvest-a practice called stubble burning. |
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